Activated Sludge Treatment

1. Introduction

Existing empirical formulae for activated sludge treatment were derived abroad and may not suit the conditions prevailing in steel bridge girders. Model parameters are calibrated against field observations using ant colony optimisation. The new formulation reproduced 7 independent data sets with satisfactory accuracy. The findings should be of interest to both designers and operators concerned with reliability.

This full text was produced by the journal’s retrospective digitisation programme. Section headings follow the printed original.

2. Materials and Methods

The method is described in the printed article, of which the PDF galley is a faithful rendition.

3. Results and Discussion

Results are reported in full in the PDF, together with the figures and tables referenced above.

4. Conclusion

The reference list attached to this record is structured, and the article is deposited with a DOI so it can be cited exactly as it was in print.